Mali
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Background:
The Sudanese Republic and Senegal became independent of France in 1960 as the Mali Federation. When Senegal withdrew after only a few months, what formerly made up the Sudanese Republic was renamed Mali. Rule by dictatorship was brought to a close in 1991 by a coup that ushered in democratic government. President Alpha KONARE won Mali's first democratic presidential election in 1992 and was reelected in 1997. In keeping with Mali's two-term constitutional limit, KONARE stepped down in 2002 and was succeeded by Amadou TOURE.
Population:
11,995,402 (July 2007 est.)
Age structure:
0-14 years: 48.2% (male 2,921,914/female 2,853,976)
15-64 years: 48.8% (male 2,891,494/female 2,959,142)
65 years and over: 3.1% (male 149,301/female 219,575) (2007 est.)
Median age:
total: 15.9 years
male: 15.4 years
female: 16.3 years (2007 est.)
Population growth rate:
2.681% (2007 est.)
Birth rate:
49.61 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Death rate:
16.51 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
total population: 49.51 years
male: 47.6 years
female: 51.46 years (2007 est.)
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
1.9% (2003 est.)
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
140,000 (2003 est.)
HIV/AIDS - deaths:
12,000 (2003 est.)
Major infectious diseases:
degree of risk: very high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever
vectorborne disease: malaria is a high risk in some locations
water contact disease: schistosomiasis
respiratory disease: meningococcal meningitis (2007)
Religions:
Muslim 90%, Christian 1%, indigenous beliefs 9%
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